Folic Acid Description

Description:

A water-soluble vitamin essential for efficient neural tube development during pregnancy which forms the brain and spinal cord. ‘Neural tube defects’, such as spina bifida, in babies appear to be linked to a ‘metabolic defect’ in folate metabolism in the mother. This means that, even though the mother may have an adequate dietary intake of folic acid, her body cannot use it efficiently. Taking extra folic acid at the time when the neural tube is forming can reduce the chance of the baby having a neural tube defect. However, the neural tube is formed very early during pregnancy - about a month after conception. Women are advised to take folic acid prior to conception and to continue taking folic acid supplements until the 12th week of pregnancy. In addition, folic acid is essential for the formation of red blood cells and has been shown to reduce the levels of an amino acid (homocysteine). This reduction may have a protective effect against heart disease.

Food Source:

Yeast extract, wholegrain cereals, liver, brussels sprouts, broccoli, leafy green vegetables, beans, fortified breakfast cereals, oranges, beer. Levels are unstable unless the foods are refrigerated and can also be destroyed by cooking.

Intake:
EU labelling RDA: 200mcg In the UK, women who are planning or who may become pregnant are advised to take a supplement containing 400mcg folic acid every day, twice the RDA. Women may also choose to eat a diet containing lots of fortified foods such as breakfast cereals and some breads and folate rich foods.

Deficiency Symptoms:

May lead to an increased risk of neural tube defect (spina bifida) in babies.

Who might Benefit from supplements:

Women planning a pregnancy and those in the early stages of pregnancy. Also, older people (over 55) and those who consume large amounts of alcohol.

Side Effects/Precautions:

Upper safe level: 400mcg (long term usage); 700mcg (short term usage). Those taking anti-epileptic drugs should seek doctor’s advice.